Building structure



Dec. 22, 1931.

G. F. PAWLING 1,837,630

BUILDING STRUCTURE Filed Nov. 24 192 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 amnion aayzfPda/zzg U Sheet 2 2 Sheets- G F PAWLING BUILDING STRUCTURE Filed Nov. 24 1925 Dec. 22 1931.

urrs

*p'leted stud.

Patented Dec. 22, 1931 .srrss enonen r. rawmnc, OF rnrrnnnnrn n, rnnnsrrivnnm, AssIsnon, BY mamas-1,

enema srennnn'rs, To sens BELLEVUE. PAWLING, or eLn-Nsrnn,'rniinsrnvnnra nnrnnrne srnucrunn Application filed November 24, 19 25. Serial No. 150,415." i

i r This invention,- generallystated,relates to building structures, and .has more especial relation to studding and studding accessories.

The leading object of thepresent inven tion is to provide a studdingpossessed of strength and rigidity and of lire-proofing characteristics which may bemanufactured at relatively small cost for erection by unskilled labor.- l

A further object is to provide a studding of the characterabove stated in which specially designed metal form may be used as a casing or housing to receiye a fire-proofing composition.

Other and further objects reside in the provision of a certain accessory for attach derstood from the following description taken in connection with-the accompanying drawings forming part hereof, and in which:

Fig. 1' is a view in perspective of asheet of specially designed metal form as employed as a casing or housing for position'used in my studdingl V Fig. 2 is a view inperspectiveofacom- Fig; 3 is a view in perspective of a retainer for the end of a'gstud embodyingtheinven v tion. y I

Fig. is a view in perspective of a retainer 7 for a'stud embodying the invention as .em-

ployed in connection with"? skeletonized Fig.5 is 'a' view, partly in cross-section, illustrating a stud as secured by a'retainer to a floor and ceiling. 1 V Fig; 6 is :a view in side elevation illustratingthe manner of attaching my stud to a skeletonized joist; and y Fig. 7 is a fragmentary view taken upon 1 the line 7-7 of Fig. 6:1

" For the purpose of illustrating inthe'comi I the meeting portions .ofthej tubetogether by driving nails 5through' the metal forms 1 into the'material 6. "In the connection it. is

jvention l haveshown in theaccompanying drawings oneform thereof which is at present preferred by me, sincethesame has been found-1n practice to give satisfactory and reliable results, although it is to be understood that the various"instrumentalities of which my'invention consists can be variously arranged and organized and that my in- I ventionis not limited to the precise aarrangement and organization of the instru 3 T mentalities as herein shown anddescribed.

Referring-to thevdrawings in detail, and y with especial relationto Figs. 1 and 2, the

reference numeral 1 designates a sheet of specially'designed metal formof a type I prefer becauseor good results obtained in practice.

is provided with spaced ribs'orbeads 2 andbetween these ribs on theopposite side of the 1 form are other beads and. struck-out portions or loops 3 the'latter in-practice presenting a staggered effect. I take a sheet of specially designed'metal form and'arrange the same into a tube {l of rectangularcross-section, see Fig. 2,-the ribsor beads 2providing definite lines -upon which to bend the sheet of metal form into tube configuration.

able plastic material-of*cementitious char acteristics and before'the same setsI secure to be noted that the struck-.out portions 3 project into the tube, thusafiording amechamc'al bond w ththe plast c rnate'r1al and "Obviously other typesof metal form may be employed. The metalform illustrated effecting a continuousreinforcing fort-the stud"and tlie 'protectionf of the plastic ma Taking'up nowFigs-. '3 and .5, a descriptionwill begivenof the manner of using a stud as formed in accordance with the above complete-article of manufacture. InFig. 5,

the reference numeral 7 designates a floor and the reference numeral 8 a ceiling. In order to secure a; stud, as described, tov a floor and ceiling use is made of sheet-metal member or" one-piece, stamped out to form a vertical,

hollow body 9 of rectangular cross-section;

positioned with respect to bottom and top members above described the stud is nailed fast to thesemembers. as at 12, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 5.:

Instead of securing the studs between'ceiling and floor as just described, it is sometimes desirable and necessary to secure same with respectvto skeletonized joist, particularly; in outside wall construction. In such case, use

,is made ofthe device shown'in Fig. 4. The

same comprises a one-piece, sheet metal member bent to the configuration shown in Fig. 3 4, and comprises apair of spaced, parallel,

vertical pieces 18, connected by a cross-piece 14:,1wh1chp1eces 13 each terminate in ahorizontal bar '15 the end of which has a flange 16. .This structure is particularly adapted to co-act with skeletonized joist having, up- .per andlower T-shaped bars 17, see Figs. 6

' and 7. r In practice the parts 13l4t are fitted overthe vT bar 17 of a joist and the stud of the invention -is then fitted between the flanges 16 so as .to abut against the horizontal bars 15 and the flanges 16 and the stud secured together as .byriails '18.

ing structure, mention may be made of the followingz The stud casing is .a specially designed metal form madefrom sheets of fiat steel which arepassed thru steel rolls designed'to form a bead on one side of the sheet steel and reinforcing beads and loops on the opposite sideso that no particular care is requiredin the bending of the plate into tube configuration with thereinforcingloops on the inside.

The stud casing may be filled with a com- I position of wood shavings, gypsum and cestud, the reinforcingv loops being. incorpo rated in the-poured aggregate and when the aggregate is set anddry, its weight is approximately morethan wood. and itcan be nailed into and handled in; construction 7 Y in the same general, manner as wood. It has ment so that it becomes ;a .solid reinforced approximately- 50% more strength than an equal size wood section and is fireproof. The

studis always uniform in size, straight and true.

The principal use of thisstud istotake the place of steel: studs which are'more costly,

not as economical to handle in building con struction, and which arenot as thoroughly fireproof as this stud. I I I The setting of all these studs is'v'ery simple and the nailing is equal to the nailing in 7 any ordinary'wood stud, r

The fastening of the lath for plastering is ner as with a wooden stud, and without all the costly wiring that voccurs'in using steel studs.

Instead of using double studs for door bucks and other openings as is customary, the stud 15 made with a larger cross section.

Wood studs are neversawed carefully and th ir dimensions therefore are nevernniform. A percentage of even the. best grade of studs .ter finish. Wood studs are bought of uniform length and inmaking them fit in their proper height, considerable waste occurs thru sawing off the unnecessary length of stud.

Wood studs are placedlfi on centers while my studs may be spaced-2 on centers. Where my studs are used in connection with outside walls, any buildingmaterial that is required for exterior treatment can be usedin' exactly the same manner aswood studs. Additional thickness in walls for architectural treatment can be obtained by increasing the width of What I claim is: j v I 1. In a building construction a] stud comprising la'sheet of ribbed metal form folded along said ribs to form a tubular member and .Among the advantages of my novel buildhaving struck-outportions inwardly projected, a filler within thetube which filler and st ruck-out portions are interlocked and form a member of solid cross-section, and means penetrating said metal lath to secure if the stud or making a stud with two 2 X 3s trussed together.

themeeting edges of themetal lathto said filler." V 7 J 2.- In a building constructiona stud comprising'a sheet of'ribbedmetal form folded along saidiribs toeform atubular member of rectangular cross-section and having struckout, portions inwardly projected, a filler within the tube which filler'and struck-out" portions are interlocked and form a. member of solid cross-section, and means penetrating said metal lath to secure the meeting edges of .the metal-lathtosaid filler.

3. In a building construction astud comprising a sheet ofribbed metal vfor'm folded along said ribs to form a;;tubular-member of rectangular cross-section with its struck-out portions inwardly projected, a; filler within 7 the; tube which-filler and struck-out portions are interlocked and form. a member of solid cross-section, and means as nails penetrating said metal lath to securethe meeting edges of the metal form to said filler.

4. As a new article of manufacture a 'stud composed of a metal shell. with an inner fill of nailing material, together with means on the shell projecting into the fill, said means being formed with an outwardly presented face around which the fill is adapted to-extend so as to come between said face and the plane of the shell proper whereby to provide a positive mechanical bond or interlock between the shell and the fill.

5. As a new article of manufacture, a stud composed of a metal shell with an inner fill of nailing material, together with a plurality of inwardly extending projections distributed throughout the surface of the shell, 1

said projections being formed with an outwardly presented face around which the fill is adapted to extend so as to come between said face and the plane of the shell proper whereby to provide a positive mechanical bond or interlock between the shell and the fill for the distribution of the stresses.

6. As a new article of manufacture, a stud composed of a sheetof metal lath bent to form a shell and having a plurality of inwardly projected struck-out portions, to-

gether with an inner fill of nailing material, 1

said struck-out portions being formed with an outwardly presented face around which the fill is adapted to extend so as to come he tween said face and the plane of the shell proper whereby to provide a positive mechanical bond or interlock betweenthe shell and the fill for the distributionof stresses.

7. As a new article of manufacture, a stud composed of a sheet of ribbed metal folded along said ribs to form a shell and having inwardly projected struck-out portions, and an inner fill of nailing material, said struck-out portions being formed with an outwardly presented face around which the fill is adapted to extend so as'to come between said face and the plane of'the shell proper whereby to provide a positive mechanical bond or interlock between the shell and the fill forthe distribution of stresses.

' GEO. F. PAWLING. 

